IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KITAB TA’LIM MUTA’ALLIM DI PONDOK PESANTREN NIDAUL HAQ

Abstrak

Fenomena menurunnya akhlak di kalangan generasi muda menjadi tantangan serius bagi dunia pendidikan Islam. Pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan tradisional memiliki peran strategis dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai akhlak mulia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah melalui pembelajaran kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim karya Imam Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji yang berisi tuntunan adab penuntut ilmu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pendidikan akhlak murid terhadap guru melalui pembelajaran kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim di Pondok Pesantren Nidaul Haq Cilodong Depok serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dengan subjek penelitian terdiri atas pengasuh pesantren, guru pengampu kitab, dan santri. Analisis data dilakukan secara induktif dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan akhlak melalui kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim diterapkan melalui pengajaran langsung, pembiasaan, keteladanan guru, dan pengawasan perilaku santri sehari-hari. Nilai-nilai utama yang ditekankan meliputi penghormatan kepada guru, ketaatan, kesopanan, tanggung jawab, dan keikhlasan dalam menuntut ilmu. Faktor pendukung implementasi meliputi peran aktif kyai dan ustadz, suasana pesantren yang religius, serta dukungan lingkungan sosial. Adapun faktor penghambatnya antara lain perbedaan latar belakang santri, pengaruh media sosial, dan kurangnya konsistensi pembinaan akhlak di luar jam pelajaran. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kitab Ta’lim al-Muta’allim di Pondok Pesantren Nidaul Haq berperan penting dalam pembentukan akhlak santri, khususnya dalam hubungan murid dengan guru. Namun, efektivitasnya.

The decline of moral values among young generations has become a serious challenge for Islamic education in Indonesia. Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) play a strategic role in cultivating noble character through religious-based education. One of the main efforts carried out is the teaching of Ta’lim al-Muta’allim, a classical work by Imam Burhanuddin al-Zarnuji, which emphasizes the ethics and manners of students in seeking knowledge. This study aims to analyze the implementation of moral education particularly students’ manners toward their teachers through the learning of Ta’lim al-Muta’allim at Pondok Pesantren Nidaul Haq, Cilodong, Depok, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in the process. This research employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, involving the boarding school’s leader (kyai), teachers, and students as key informants. The data analysis process used an inductive approach consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of moral education through Ta’lim al-Muta’allim is conducted through direct teaching, habituation, teacher exemplarity, and continuous behavioral supervision of the students. The core moral values emphasized include respect for teachers, obedience, politeness, responsibility, and sincerity in learning. Supporting factors include the active role of the kyai and teachers, a religious learning environment, and social support from the pesantren community. Inhibiting factors include differences in students’ backgrounds, the influence of social media, and the lack of consistent moral reinforcement outside classroom hours. The study concludes that the teaching of Ta’lim al-Muta’allim at Pondok Pesantren Nidaul Haq plays a significant role in shaping students’ character, especially their manners toward teachers. However, its effectiveness can be further enhanced through stronger habituation practices and sustained character supervision.